How does a PRAM Reset?
When you drive to your Mac Computer, to be stored in special settings in a defined memory area on your hard drive - the "PRAM". These settings include the volume control of your speakers or the screen resolution. Also the startup volume selection, and information about Kernel errors will be stored here. Only if one of the above-mentioned function is affected, you should therefore carry out a PRAM Reset.
- You must first shut down your Mac.
- Now turn on your Computer.
- Before the gray startup screen appears, you must press the following keys simultaneously: command ( ⌘ ) key, option key, P and R (see Screenshot).
- These buttons you need to press and hold until your Mac reboots the Computer and you hear the startup sound for the second Time. You can then release the keys. The PRAM Reset has been successfully carried out.

Key combination for a PRAM-Reset